Casting apparatus.



l. H. BAMBERG H. H. DOEHLER.

Patented July 9, 1918. 2 SHEETS-SHEET I LMT k.. L

i --w M 1:11. ..-f WIW. .1 nlu i Patented July 9, 1918. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 w. w En, L Nm H. BAMBERG & H. H. DUEHLER.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH H. BAMBERG, OF TOLEDC, OHIO, AND HERMAN H. DOEHLER, 0l*A .'B'RQOKLYN,

NEW YORK, ABSIGNORS T0 DOEHLER DIE-CASTING YORK, A CORPORATION 0F NEW YORK.

COMPANY, 0F BBDOKLYN, NEW

A cAs'rmo APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 9,1918.

Application led Hai-oli 26, 1917. Serial No. 157,387."

To all 'whom it may concern.'

Be it known that we, JOSEPH H. BAMBERG and. HERMAN H. DOEHLER, both citizens of the United States, residing, respectively, at Toledo, county of Lucas, Statie of Ohio and the borough of Brooklyn, cityof New York, county of Kings, and State of New York, have jointly invented certain new and useful Improvements in Casting Apparatus of which the following is a specilication, re erence being had therein to the accompanying drawingsJ which form a part thereof.

Our invention relates to casting a paratus, and more particularlyto a type o a paratus for use in producing semi-finishe castings, as distinguished from so-called finished castings.

In semi-finished castings, the outside dimensions of the castin are suiliciently oversize to permit machining or hand iinishing. Apparatus made in accordance with ourinvention is designed to produce castings having a deep chill on the outer face thereof, the metal of the body of the casting being of substantially the same density throughout, and being of graduated har ness` rom the outside thereof, to the inside. Apparatus made in accordance with our invention is especially adapted for use in `tion both about the ingate and about the wall of the moldcavity. Our present invention relates' more particularly to the rtions of a casting ap aratus consisting o the core structure and t e coperating portions of themold parts, whereby the inside core will be accurately and automatically centered with relation to the mold cavit in the movable mold partsand' likelihood of a loss in the alinement of the inside core throu the breakage thereof,1in closing the mol will be avoided.V Furthermore, 4in apparatus made in accordance" with ours-invention the metal mold parts i frangible material, preferably metal adapted to have molded upon the outer facing thereof, the porous, frangible, refractory material, the contour of which conforms to the olpening to be formed on the castin The t iclmess of this facing will be su ciently great to permit the core base to be drawn from the casting, said facing breaking down upon the drawing of the core, in a manner to permit the formation of undercuts in the casting. 4The extremity of the base, when material projections are formed in the casting, must be reduced so as to clear these projections when drawing the core.

It is preferable to rovide the outside of the base with a plurality of irregularities, which permit the outer facing to anchor upon the core base, in a manner to avoid the displacement thereof in handling.

To permit a free venting of the mold cavity through this core, the base is made hollow to provide a plurality of ducts through which gases may readily pass. The facing ,above referred to is ap lied only to that portion of the base whic -when the mold is closed, projects'within the mold cdvity.

The invention consists in features of construction com, ination of parts, as are hereinafter ysetlforth and described and more particularly pointed out in the claims hereto a ended.TA l

Referring to the rawings,

Figure 1 is a plan view ofa casting apparatus embodying our invention;

'Fig 2` is a side elevation of one of the mold sections showing the inner face thereof and the details of the base;

3 is a section on the lineB-F- of ig. 4 is an enlargedd tail view, and Fig. 5 is a section on 1in Like letters refer to like parts throng out the several views.

In the embbdimentV of our invention shown in the drawings, a indicates a support or base for the movable mold parts b-c, said support and said mold parts being proch novel vided with coperatin means, as the tongue and groove a' for gui ing the movement of said mold parts in opening and closing the mold. Thesupport a is also' provided with an annular groove a* to admit air under the mold 'parts and revent suction interferin withl the free 'ding `movement thereo while at the same time, forming a receptacle into which fragments of the core acing falling upon 'the support or base a will be deposited when movin the mold parts to prevent displacement 0% these parts or cieggillig thereof.

ach of the mold parts b-c has a part of a mold cavity therein, or when two castings are formed in the same apparatus, two such portions of'a mold cavity as d-dy s aced apart, and in alinement with each ot er, a well as e being formed between the adjacent open mouths of said cavities. The mold parts b-c are made of metal or other material having high heat conductivity. Y

Extending about the ends of each of the mold cavities dp-d respectively are semicircular depressions forming together Supplemental ingates` g and g leading into which respectively are ingates h. and h', each disposed upon opposite sides of the line of parting of the mold parts to facilitate the drawin of the sprue with the finished casting. hese ingates are constricted toward the sup lemental ingates to facilitate the separatlon of dross and insure only clean metal entering the mold cavity). The ingates enter adjacent the top of t ye supplemental ingates to" permit the metal to build up from the. bottom of the mold` cavity. t Slidably mounted in suitable beamings f17l extending axially of the mold cavities al-d', and formed of two halves carried by the sections b-c respectively, are metal lcores J -J provided with operating handles J 2--Ju respectively. ,These cores are accurately positioned b means of their enlarged heads J J, an the stop ins W--J1 which revent their accidental 'splacement while txhe mold is being filled. Other mov able cores for formingopenings through the wall of the castingand slidab y mounted in the molds arts 1re-c are shown at J --Jt The mo d partsb"1 'are adapted 4to be locked in the closed ositions by means mf the metal straps. kvoted u on studs cis and carrying simi ar studs -1c", by which cams .lf-k are carried, the cams being movable' into engagement with lugs ,si-c', for forminga tight joint at the line of partinpf the mold parts. j

hey support orV base a is provided with a pedestal f, which when the mold is closed, is

adapted to lroject within the well e anden-` gage the wa ls thereof in a manner to aecurately position f the two mold parts b--c y when the mold is closed. This pedestal also ,ses

serves as a support, for the inside core in preparing for,` and during, the casting operation.V

The inside core is formed ofA a metallic or other non-frangible bod having the portionor portions, thereo projecting within the mld cavity d-d' provided with a n facing of porous, frangible, refractory material, such as sand or a plastic compositionv conforming to the opening to be found upon the inside of the casting. The body of this core, in the form of the invention shown, consists of a central portion m adapted to seat upon the pedestal f, a dowel pin and socket connection f being provided for the purplose of securing a proximate accuracy 1n t e positioning of t e portion m. Projecting from this portion m are two cyliny drical extensions n n the end faces of which are adapted to dproject inwardly across the end of the mol cavities d-d so as to ha've the metal at this point, cast against this core. The yperipheries of the extensions '1t-'Jn' are adapted to be engaged b y the outwardly dared' circular mouth portions o-o of the mold parts b-c in a manner to cause the engagement of this portionof said mold parts respectively with said'v `extensions 'nf-fa',V to accurately center the core with relation to the mold cavities, the dowel pin and socket connection f between the portion fm. and the pedestal f being sufciently loose to permit that slight sluiting of the core necessary to secure the automatic adjustment thereof in closing the mold. The portion m is provided with a register socket p `adapted to coperate with a pin upon `the pedestal f, for the purposel o insuring the proper core base being used relation to the proper moldxcavity. Thls pmand socket connection also has suf `ficient play to `permit the automatic adjustment of the core in the Ina-nner above re-` ferredto.

Extendng axially of the extensions 'nf-fn y respectively, are core, bases adapted to reles ceive the facin of refractor material above g referred tof T e contour'o these bases differs with different castings,` but will possess the general characteristics of being and non-refractory,while having openings therethrough to permit the escape of gases. Each of these bases comprises an extensions *n/-nfrom which it projects,`the

.dimensions of this projection being smaller than the smallest inside dimensions of "the, cavity to be made, throughout that portion of the mold cavityv into which the projecntions extend. Extending axially of said extension q is a reducedV end q the dimensions extensionxg of smaller dimensions than theA yof this end being suchas topermit the outer core, either from the refractory facin or from the completed casting, so as to a low free shrinkage of the casting in its entirety without likelihood of the development of cracks, concealed, or otherwise, in the casting. Ordinarily the drawing of this core will result in the breaking down of the facing material.

The base for the core facing, which facing is indicated at 7' in the accompanying draw;

ings, is of graduated or of gradually reduced dimensions toward the end thereof. This base does not have any function in forming the inside of the casting, but serves merely as a support for the facing material which is molded upon this base. The projections g-q are provided upon the exterior thereof, with a lurality of overhung ribs g2 by means of Wliich the facin is anchored to the base; and extending t rough said base are a plurality of vent openings g3, the aggregate capacity of which is such as to permit the free escape of ases from the mold cavity, through the bo y of said facing material and said openings The projections g-g and the extensions n n are hollow to facilitate the escape of the gases therethrough.

The mold parts b-c are provided with suitable air spaces about the walls of the mold cavity to facilitate the radiation of heat therefrom.

The operation of the herein described apparatus is substantially as follows The mold parts b-c are first brought b any suitable means, to a temperature whic will prevent such a ra id chilling of the inflowing metal as' Willi interfere with the proper filling of the mold cavity and cause the formation of surface fiaws thereon.. The two parts b-c are then separated and the inside core, formed as described, is deposited upon the pedestal f, the socket p being brought about the pin p so as to insure the proper extensions g-g entering the mold cavity in connection with which they are designed to be used.

The construction of the inside core is such that metal portions thereof may be used in handling it, and the body portion m being of metal, likelihood of the breaking of the portions of the core formed of sand, plaster or other fran ible material is reduced to a minimum. T e dowel pin and socket connections f will insure substantial accuracy in the positioning of the core.

lVhen the core has been properly positioned upon the pedestal f, b-c are closed by a sliding movement upon the base a until the portion of the Wall of the well e formed in the face of each mold part, contacts with the' pedestal f, thus positioning the mold cavities in said mold parts with approximate accuracy in relation to the inside core. As the mold parts are closed,

the mold parts the beveled portions o o about the mold cavities, engage the peripheries of each extension n-n upon the core body m, and impart such movement to the core in its entirety as may be necessary to bring the extensions g and reduced ends g into axial alinement with the mold cavity. This automatic adjustment of the core may be a slight rotative movement of the core body m about the dowel pin and socket connection f', or it may be a movement longitudinally of the apparatus, or it may be both. The effect of this adjustment is that the inside core will always be positioned alike during suc ceeding casting operations, with a resultant identity in all castings produced.

When the mold is thus closed, the two parts thereof are locked together by means of the clamp mechanism above described,

and metal is pouredfrom a ladle through the main ingates L-L and supplemental in tes g-g he casting builds up from the bottom of the mold cavity, the molten metal flowing from the supplemental ingate directly to ever portion of the mold cavity.

T at portion of the metal forming the outside of the casting, contacts with heated metal, so that a slow chilling action occurs as to this part of the casting. The portions of the. metal forming the inside of the cas'ting, contact with the facing r upon the core base portions g-g', so that a chilling of the inner face of the casting is prevented.

While suitable vents about the mold cavity are provided, the porosity of the core facing and the openings through the core base gwill permit a free venting through t e core.

Castings made in accordance with our invention have the characteristics, by reason of the control of the radiation of heat, that the outer face thereof has a deep chill and the castin is of graduated hardness from this outer tface toward the inner face thereof which has little or no chill. Furthermore, since the casting shrinks upon the core, instead of upon itself, the metal throughout the casting will be of substantially uniform density throughout and will not be stratilied, or have any line of demarcation between the metal adjacent opposite faces of the casting.

After the mold cavity is filled, sufficient time is allowed to elapse before opening the mold, to allow for the initial solidification of the metal of the casting. The outside coresJ-JL-JL-J are then drawn and the mold opened, the castings remaining upon the core bases g-q and continuing to shrink upon the facing of these bases. When the metal is properly conditioned, the castings are drawn from the ends of said bases, the said facing breaking down about under cuts, or projections within the castortions of the ward their ends, the metal e drawing of core do not interfere with t the casting, or of the core.

The interlock between the core bases and the facings thereof, prevents any shifting of the facing material circumferentially of the said base.. While the openings in said base may become filled with the facing material this will not interfere with the passage of the ases through these openings.

iile in the accompanying drawings, we have shown an apparatus especiall a a ted for casting cylin ers for interna com ustion engines, our invention is not limited to the character of casting made therein, since the apparatus may be made to cast any hollow, cup-shaped or other object requiring an inside core.

Having described the invention what we claim as new and desire to have protected by Letters Patent is 1. A casting apparatus embodying therein a plurality o metal mold parts capable of relative movement to open and close the apparatus, each of said parte having a portion of a mold cavity an of an ingate formed therein, a support for said mold arts, means carried thereby, whereby an inside core may be supported within said mold cavity, and an inside core comprising a nonfrangible body, a core base carried thereby and projecting therefrom into said mold cavity, and a facing upon said core base formed of crous, refractory material.

2. A castin apparatus embodying therein a plurality o metal mold parts capable of relative movement to open and close the apparatus, each of saidparts having a portion of a mold cavity an of an ingate formed therein, a support for `said mold parts, means carried thereby, whereby an inside core may be supported within said mold cavity, and an inslde core comprising a nonfranble body, a hollow core base carried there y and projecting therefrom into said mold cavity, said core base having vent openings therethrough, and a facin upon said core base formed of porous, re actory material,

3. A casting apparatus embodying therein a plurality o metal mold parts ca able of re ative movement to open and c ose the apparatus, each of said parts having a portion of a mold cavity and of an ingate formed therein, a support for said mold arts, means carried t ereby, whereby an mslde core may be supported within said mold cavity, and an lnside core' comprising a non-frangible body, a core base carried thereby and projecting therefrom into said mold cavity said core base being of gradually reduce dimensions from said core body toward the end of the base, and a facing upon said core base formed of a porous, refractory material.

4. A casting apparatus embodying therein a plurality of metal mold parts ca able of re ative movement to open and c ose the apparatus, each of said parts having a portion of a mold cavity and of an ingate formed therein, a support for said mold parts, means carried thereby, whereby an inside core may be supported within said mold cavity, and an inside core comprising a non-frangible body, a hollow core base carried thereby and projecting therefrom into said cavity, said core base having vent' openings therethrough, said core base being of gradually reduced dimensions from said core body toward the end of the base,

and a facing upon said core formed of po vand means for automatically adjusting said inside core with relation to said mold cavity comprising a cylindrical extension upon said core body and a coperating beveled portion upon said mold parts extending about the end of the mold cavities therein.

6. A castin apparatus embodying therein a plurality o metal mold parts capable of relative movement to open and close the apparatus, each of said parts having a portion of a mold cavity and of an ingate formed therein, a base upon which said mold parts are slidably mounted, a pedestal carried by said base at one slde of the mold cavity in said arts, said parts havin recesses therein orming a well, the wal of which is adapted to engage said pedestal when the mold parts are closed, and an inside core comprising a core body adapted to seat upon said pedestal, a core base carried thereby and projecting therefrom into said mold cavity, and a facin upon said core base formed of porous, reractory material.

7. A castin apparatus embodylng therein a plurality o metal mold parts ca able of re ative movement to open and c ose the apparatus, each of said parts having formed therein portions of a plurality of mold cavities, ingates, and a well intermediate said mold cavities, a base upon which said mold parts are slidably mounted, a pedestal y31 on said base, adapted to occupy said well w en the mold parts are closed, an inside core comprising a core body adapted to seatupon said pedestal, a. plurality of hollow core bases having 4openings therethrough projectng from said core body into said mold cavitiesrespectively, and a facing upon each of-sad core bases formed of porous, refruc` tory material, a clowel and socket connection having lost motion therein, between seid pedestal and said core body, a. coperating guide pin and socket upon said'pedestal and said core body, whereby said lcore bases will always cooperate with the same mold cavity,

and means for eutomgtically adjusting said inside core with relatlon to said mold cavity comprising a cylindricaP extension upon `seid core body and a'coperating beveled portion upon said mold parts extending about the end of the mold cavities therein.

In witness whereof, we hereunto eiiix our signatures, in the presence of two subscrib- 20 ing witnesses, this 14th day of March, 1917, as to BAMBERG, and this 23d day of March, 1917, as to Dominica.

1 JOSEPH H. BAMBERG.

HERMAN H. DOEHLER.

Witnesses as to Bamberg: J. A. TALLMAN,

J. KRALUND. Witnesses as to Doehler:

Ommen FRANCK,- Bnn'rHA MUmmER.

It is herobyoetiotl that iu potters Patent No. 1,271,993, granted July 9, 1918-, upon the' application ofloseplx H. Bamberg, of Toledo, Ohio, and Herinon lul. Doehle" of Brooklyn, blew York, for an' zimprovel'nerit in Casting Apparotus,

an error appears in the printed specification requiring correction as ollows: Page l 1, line 37, for .the word fragile read frang'ible; and that the said Letters Patent should bo road with this correction therein that the sme moy conform tothe record of the case the Patent' Oco.

Signed and 'sealed this 6th dag:V of August, A. D., 1918.

R. F. WHTEHFAD,

.Acting Cmnmiss'iomr of Patents.

' [SEAL] 

